Main Evaluation Protocols of Physical Activity for Pregnant Women Aged 15 to 40.9 Years. Research Journal

Abstract

Objective: To identify and analyze the main physical activity assessment protocols applied to pregnant women aged 15 to 40.9 years, in order to highlight their effectiveness, relevance, and clinical usefulness in the context of healthy pregnancy.

Methodology: A qualitative literature review was conducted using the PRISMA-P protocol to systematize the search and analysis of articles published between 2009 and 2025. Studies in English or Spanish with full access were included, provided they applied or explicitly mentioned the PARmed-X, PPAQ, PAF-MAE, and GRADE protocols. The information was organized and triangulated using Atlas.ti based on categories such as physical activity, pregnancy, and assessment. A total of 50 scientific articles were analyzed.

Results: The protocols studied enable accurate assessment of the physical condition of pregnant women, allowing for personalized exercise plans and ensuring safety. PARmed-X stands out for identifying contraindications and tailoring exercise; PPAQ quantifies the intensity of daily physical activity; PAF-MAE adapts these tools to the Latin American context; and the GRADE system assesses the quality of the evidence. Supervised moderate physical activity improves both physical and mental well-being and reduces risks such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and cesarean delivery.

Conclusion: Assessment protocols allow for the safe and effective prescription of physical activity during pregnancy, promoting maternal and fetal health. When properly applied and adapted to individual characteristics and cultural context, these tools help optimize the benefits of exercise. Despite some methodological and follow-up limitations, they represent key instruments for clinical intervention and health promotion among pregnant women.